倒裝句 inversion

否定語氣倒裝

  • Nowhere could I find a public bathroom.
  • Never have I eaten such a wonderful meal.
  • Not until you sign the contract is it valid.
  • On no account/Under no circumstances must you show anyone this letter.
  • At no time/Not once did she offered to pay the gas.

隱含否定語氣倒裝

  • Rarely/Seldom do I see people reading newspaper.
  • No sooner had I left my house than it started to rain.
  • Little did I know his past.
  • Too long has the crime rate been increasing in this country.

Only 倒裝

  • Only then will the next class be unlocked.
  • Only later did I find out that she was cheating.
  • Only in winter do lemon trees bear fruit.
  • Only after you graduate will you be able to apply for an internship here.
  • Only when I am alone can I relax.

假設語氣倒裝

條件/假設語氣相當困難,請先理解後再繼續學習其倒裝 → 條件&假設語氣 ←

倒裝條件語氣1型,可能發生的未來。肯定句:If you accept Should you accept the job position, you will need to move to New York. 否定句:If you don’t pay Should you not pay the rent by Friday, you will need to move out of the house.

倒裝條件語氣2型,與現在事實相反。肯定句:if I had Were I to have better vision, I wouldn’t need to find my glasses now. 否定句:if you didn’t spend Were you not to spend so much money on shoes, there would be enough money for hats now. Be 助動詞句:If I were Were I a foot taller, I would be able to join the basketball team.

倒裝條件語氣3型,與過去事實相反。肯定句:If I had known Had I known his serious medical condition, I wouldn’t have complained about my little cold. 否定句:if I hadn’t brought Had I not brought a power bank, my phone would have died.

否定開頭倒裝

  • Not only did he win but also break the record.
  • Under no circumstances should you call him.
  • Not for a moment did I think I would be offered the job.
  • Not until I got home did I realize my wallet was missing.

比較級倒裝

注意到若比較級沒出現在開頭,那麼倒裝就會變的相當正式,口語不會這麼說,僅會出現在文章裡特別強調的地方。

  • More important than love is money.
  • The more contacts were made the better became the situation.
  • She speaks English better than does her brother. (未出現在開頭,請勿於口語使用)

地方與空間倒裝

地方副詞倒裝非常常見,例如 Here/There comes Jane. 而一般人不知道的是,上圖的空間副詞其實也都可以像地方副詞一樣地倒裝。例如:Here/There/On the box are some apples.

Before 意思是時間上「在…之前」,然而也可以指空間上「在…前面」的概念,所以圖中的例句倒裝是 OK 的(lie 的過去式 = lay)。相比之下,After 只描述「時間 + 空間」,例如 After them came the drummers. 本句翻成「在他們之後」,是時間的概念,也帶有一點空間感。如果要完全指空間上的「在…之後」,那應該使用 behind。

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