在寫作或口說測驗中,常常會需要增加論點或說明,此時若不是想做對比(詳見 → 對比用語 ←),那就可以用簡單增加項目的用語:beside / besides, apart from, also, in addition (to), adding that, furthermore, moreover, putting sth aside, as for, as to 此外,口語上則推荐使用 informal 的講法能使對話更為生動:on top of that, plus, not only that
Besides, Except, & Apart From
besides = in addition to = 在…外還,是加法的概念。而 except = 除了。是減法的概念(參考 → Except — 用法詳解 ←)最後 Apart from 則要看狀況判斷其是加法還是減法,建議讀者用中文翻譯出來就能猜出是哪個用法。
- Besides English, I’m studying French. = 在…外還。
- Besides, I’m studying French = 此外。
- I eat all seafood except (for) lobster and crab. = 除了。
- Apart from English, I’m studying French. = 在…外還。
- I will go on any ride apart from rollercoaster. = 除了。本句描述其會玩任何的設施「除了」雲霄飛車。特別注意本句的關鍵字是 any。
- I eat all seafood apart from lobster and crab。= 除了。本句描述其吃了所有的海鮮「除了」龍蝦和螃蟹。特別注意本句的關鍵字是 all。
beside = 旁邊 = next to。介詞用法,注意,純談空間時不加 s,可用 right beside 強調。本句 可以把 beside sth 視作 there,所以該句子的寫法變成 beside sth (there) is….
News Examples
besides 此外 = in addition
besides sth 在…之外 = in addition to
also 而且(句首用法
in addition 此外( 純增加項目而不用於支持論點 , squid 烏賊
in addition to sth 在…之外(純增加項目而不用於支持論點
furthermore 更進一步說(做更申入的論述以支持前面論點
moreover 此外(提出平行的另一種思考方向以支持前面論點
adding that 此外還提到(補述用法
as for sth = 至於(通常放句首轉換主題
as for 5w1h = 至於(通常放句首轉換主題
as to sth = 關於 = about
as to = 關於 = about
sth as to = 關於 = about(放在句中請勿使用 as for
apart from 本句是加法概念
putting sth aside 先放到一邊
put money aside for/to 存錢
非正式講法 Informal
on top of = in addition
plus another = in addition to
plus = 此外。注意,這個字可以當連接詞連接兩句話!
plus = in addition
sth aside 先不管
that aside
kidding aside
not only that, he even/also = 不只如此
not only that, but = 不只如此